Definitely sounds like a thermostat, I would avoid driving it beyond 250F on the coolant side, next time I would pull over and let it cool, you may blow a head gasket at those temps. Need to have it looked at before you continue to drive.
Is this the first time you ever checked the coolant reservoir? If so, just note that the coolant reservoir being nearly bone dry may not be unusual, many member have noted their expansion tanks even from new were low, likely that way from the factory.
When the engine cools, remove the radiator cap and check the level in there. Then fill up the expansion tank to the max line when cold. Then check the level again over time and see if it's indeed being consumed.
As mentioned by Scram1500, check your oil cap, make sure it isn't milky. Also note, the coolant color is purple. It looks orange visually, until you get it on a white paper towel and realize it's actually purple. I mention this because a lot of people think they need to find orange coolant, but the OEM color is purple.